From b67ad5a59926ae7d7402021fc7a6cc01985b77f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Manuel Thalmann Date: Tue, 12 Dec 2023 19:26:36 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Add a copy of the AES algorithm using TBoxes --- HWBTutorials.code-workspace | 22 ++++ aes-tboxes/Makefile | 14 +++ aes-tboxes/aes.cpp | 214 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 250 insertions(+) create mode 100644 aes-tboxes/Makefile create mode 100644 aes-tboxes/aes.cpp diff --git a/HWBTutorials.code-workspace b/HWBTutorials.code-workspace index 44fcd61..c318164 100644 --- a/HWBTutorials.code-workspace +++ b/HWBTutorials.code-workspace @@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ "name": "AES 32-bit", "path": "./aes-32bit" }, + { + "name": "AES TBoxes", + "path": "./aes-tboxes" + }, { "name": "TRNG Attack", "path": "./TRNG_attack" @@ -103,6 +107,15 @@ "cwd": "${workspaceFolder:AES 32-bit}" }, "problemMatcher": [] + }, + { + "label": "Build AES TBoxes Project", + "type": "shell", + "command": "make", + "options": { + "cwd": "${workspaceFolder:AES TBoxes}" + }, + "problemMatcher": [] } ] }, @@ -129,6 +142,15 @@ "args": [], "cwd": "${workspaceFolder:AES 32-bit}", "preLaunchTask": "Build 32-bit AES Project" + }, + { + "type": "lldb", + "request": "launch", + "name": "Launch AES TBoxes Project", + "program": "${workspaceFolder:AES TBoxes}/bin/aes", + "args": [], + "cwd": "${workspaceFolder:AES TBoxes}", + "preLaunchTask": "Build AES TBoxes Project" } ], "compounds": [] diff --git a/aes-tboxes/Makefile b/aes-tboxes/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..443f977 --- /dev/null +++ b/aes-tboxes/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +CPPFLAGS = -g -Ofast + +BUILD_DIR = bin + +$(BUILD_DIR)/aes: $(BUILD_DIR)/aes.o + mkdir -p $(dir $@) + $(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@ + +$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.cpp + mkdir -p $(dir $@) + $(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@ + +clean: + rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR) diff --git a/aes-tboxes/aes.cpp b/aes-tboxes/aes.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8451dd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/aes-tboxes/aes.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,214 @@ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +/* AES-128 simple implementation template and testing */ + +/* +Author: Manuel Thalmann, thalmman@fit.cvut.cz +Template: Jiri Bucek 2017 +AES specification: +http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf +*/ + +#define WORD(byte0, byte1, byte2, byte3) ((((((uint16_t)(byte3 << 8) | byte2) << 8) | byte1) << 8) | byte0) +#define WBYTE(value, position) ((value >> (position * 8)) & 0xFF) + +/* AES Constants */ +// AES polynomial +const uint16_t POLYNOMIAL = 0b100011011; + +// forward sbox +const uint8_t SBOX[256] = { + 0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, + 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, + 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, + 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, + 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, + 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, + 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, + 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, + 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, + 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, + 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, + 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, + 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, + 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, + 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, + 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16 +}; + +const uint8_t rCon[12] = { + 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, +}; + +/* AES state type */ +typedef uint32_t t_state[4]; + +void hexprint16(uint8_t *p) { + for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) + printf("%02hhx ", p[i]); + puts(""); +} + +// **************** AES functions **************** +uint32_t subWord(uint32_t w) { + return WORD(SBOX[WBYTE(w, 0)], SBOX[WBYTE(w, 1)], SBOX[WBYTE(w, 2)], SBOX[WBYTE(w, 3)]); +} + +void subBytes(t_state s) { + for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) { + s[i] = subWord(s[i]); + } +} + + +void shiftRows(t_state s) { + for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) { + uint32_t mask = 0xFF << (i * 8); + + for (uint8_t shiftCount = 0; shiftCount < i; shiftCount++) { + for (uint8_t currentByte = 0; currentByte < 3; currentByte++) { + // Swap s[currentByte] and s[currentByte + 1] + s[currentByte] = s[currentByte] ^ (mask & s[currentByte + 1]); + s[currentByte + 1] = s[currentByte + 1] ^ (mask & s[currentByte]); + s[currentByte] = s[currentByte] ^ (mask & s[currentByte + 1]); + } + } + } +} + +uint8_t xtime(uint8_t a) { + uint8_t mask; + + if (a & 0b10000000) { + mask = POLYNOMIAL & 0xFF; + } + else { + mask = 0x00; + } + + return ((a << 1) ^ mask) & 0xFF; +} + +// not mandatory - mix a single column +uint32_t mixColumn(uint32_t c) { + uint32_t result = c; + uint8_t *source = (uint8_t*)(&c); + uint8_t *target = (uint8_t*)(&result); + uint8_t base = *source ^ *(source + 1) ^ *(source + 2) ^ *(source + 3); + *target ^= base ^ xtime(*source ^ *(source + 1)); + *(target + 1) ^= base ^ xtime(*(source + 1) ^ *(source + 2)); + *(target + 2) ^= base ^ xtime(*(source + 2) ^ *(source + 3)); + *(target + 3) ^= base ^ xtime(*(source + 3) ^ *source); + return result; +} + + +void mixColumns(t_state s) { + for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) { + s[i] = mixColumn(s[i]); + } +} + +/* +* Key expansion from 128bits (4*32b) +* to 11 round keys (11*4*32b) +* each round key is 4*32b +*/ +// Taken from: https://www.brainkart.com/article/AES-Key-Expansion_8410/ +void expandKey(uint8_t k[16], uint32_t ek[44]) { + for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) { + ek[i] = WORD(k[i * 4], k[i * 4 + 1], k[i * 4 + 2], k[i * 4 + 3]); + } + + for (uint8_t i = 4; i < 44; i++) { + uint32_t key = ek[i - 1]; + + if (i % 4 == 0) { + key = (key >> 8) | (key << 24); + key = subWord(key) ^ rCon[i / 4]; + } + + ek[i] = ek[i - 4] ^ key; + } +} + + +/* Adding expanded round key (prepared before) */ +void addRoundKey(t_state s, uint32_t ek[], short round) { + s[0] ^= ek[round]; + s[1] ^= ek[round + 1]; + s[2] ^= ek[round + 2]; + s[3] ^= ek[round + 3]; +} + +void aes(uint8_t *in, uint8_t *out, uint8_t *skey) +{ + //... Initialize ... + unsigned short round = 0; + + t_state state; + + for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) { + state[i] = WORD(in[i * 4], in[i * 4 + 1], in[i * 4 + 2], in[i * 4 + 3]); + } + + uint32_t expKey[11 * 4]; + + expandKey(skey, expKey); + + addRoundKey(state, expKey, 0); + + for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { + subBytes(state); + + shiftRows(state); + + if (i < 10) { + mixColumns(state); + } + + addRoundKey(state, expKey, 4*i); + } + + for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { + if (i < 4) out[i] = WBYTE(state[0], i % 4); + else if (i < 8) out[i] = WBYTE(state[1], i % 4); + else if (i < 12) out[i] = WBYTE(state[2], i % 4); + else out[i] = WBYTE(state[3], i % 4); + } +} + +//**************************** +// MAIN function: AES testing +//**************************** +int main(int argc, char* argv[]) +{ + uint32_t cycles = 1000000; + uint8_t key[16] = { 0x00, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x77, 0x88, 0x99, 0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff }; + uint8_t in[16] = { 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef, 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef, 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89}; + + if (argc > 2) { + std::cerr << "Invalid number of arguments\n"; + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } else if (argc == 2) { + cycles = std::atoi(argv[1]); + } + + const auto start{std::chrono::steady_clock::now()}; + { + for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) { + aes(in, in, key); + } + } + const auto end{std::chrono::steady_clock::now()}; + const std::chrono::duration elapsed_seconds{end - start}; + auto milliseconds = std::chrono::duration_cast(elapsed_seconds).count(); + + std::cout << "AES (" << cycles << " runs)\nElapsed time: "; + std::cout << milliseconds << "ms\n"; // Before C++20 + exit(in[0]); +}