import Data.Bits
import Data.Char
import Data.Functor.Contravariant

data Result i o =
    Result {
        input :: i,
        actual :: o,
        expected :: o,
        result :: Bool
    } deriving (Show, Eq, Ord)

--------------------
-- Exercise 1
--------------------
newtype Boxed a = Boxed {unbox :: a}

instance Functor Boxed where
    fmap f (Boxed a) = Boxed (f a)

test11 = Result x actual expected (actual == expected)
    where
        x = 1
        actual = unbox (fmap id b)
        expected = unbox b

        b = Boxed { unbox = x :: Integer }

-- >>> test11
-- Result {input = 1, actual = 1, expected = 1, result = True}
--

test12 = Result x actual expected (actual == expected)
    where
        x = 1
        actual = unbox (fmap (f . g) b)
        expected = unbox (fmap f $ fmap g b)

        b = Boxed { unbox = x :: Integer }
        f = (+9)
        g = (*11)

-- >>> test12
-- Result {input = 1, actual = 20, expected = 20, result = True}
--

--------------------
-- Exercise 2
--------------------
newtype FromInt b = FromInt {fun :: Int -> b}

instance Functor FromInt where
    fmap f (FromInt b) = FromInt (\ x -> f (b x))

test21 = Result x actual expected (actual == expected)
    where
        x = 2
        actual = ((fun (fmap id converter)) x)
        expected = (fun (converter) x)

        converter = FromInt {fun = \ val -> val * (-1)}

-- >>> test21
-- Result {input = 2, actual = -2, expected = -2, result = True}
--

test22 = Result x actual expected (actual == expected)
    where
        x = 7
        actual = (fun (fmap g $ fmap f converter)) x
        expected = (fun ((g . f) <$> converter)) x

        converter = FromInt {fun = \ val -> chr ((ord 'A') + val)}
        f = \ char -> char:"B"
        g = \ str -> str ++ "C"

-- >>> test22
-- Result {input = 7, actual = "HBC", expected = "HBC", result = True}
--

--------------------
-- Exercise 3
--------------------
newtype ToInt b = ToInt {conv :: b -> Int}

instance Contravariant ToInt where
    contramap f (ToInt g) = ToInt (\ value -> g (f value))

strHash :: String -> Int
strHash value = realHash 0 value
    where
        realHash acc "" = acc
        realHash acc (char:str) = realHash (acc + ((ord char) .&. 0b11010110)) str

test3 = [
        (Result myStr strExpected strActual (strExpected == strActual)),
        (Result [myChar] expected actual (expected == actual))
    ]
    where
        -- Create object `toInt` for converting strings to an Int hash (using the "strHash" function)
        toInt = ToInt strHash

        -- Converting a string to an Int hash using `toInt` should yield
        -- the same result like using `strHash` directly
        strActual = conv toInt myStr
        strExpected = strHash myStr

        -- Create a function for converting a `Char` to a `String`
        charToStr = \x -> [x]

        -- Wrap `toInt` in a (Char -> String) converter using `contramap`
        -- effectively using `toInt` as a `Char -> Int` function
        actual = conv (contramap charToStr toInt) myChar
        -- should yield the same result like using `charToStr` and the original `toInt` directly
        expected = conv toInt (charToStr myChar)

        -- Value for testing the `toInt` implementation
        myStr = "Hello World"
        -- Value for testing the `toInt` implementation
        -- wrapped in the `charToStr` function
        myChar = 'V'

-- Showing the result of the `String` and the `Char` test
-- >>> mapM_ putStrLn (map show test3)
-- Result {input = "Hello World", actual = 712, expected = 712, result = True}
-- Result {input = "V", actual = 86, expected = 86, result = True}
--